The kidneys play a vital role in filtering waste, balancing fluids, and regulating blood pressure. When they fail to function properly, it leads to serious health complications. Kidney diseases can be categorized into acute and chronic conditions, each requiring different approaches to treatment.
Types of Kidney Failure
Acute Kidney Failure (Acute Kidney Injury - AKI)
Acute kidney failure occurs suddenly and is often reversible if treated promptly. It can result from severe infections, dehydration, certain medications, or kidney trauma. Symptoms include reduced urine output, swelling, confusion, and fatigue.
Chronic Kidney Failure (Chronic Kidney Disease - CKD)
Chronic kidney disease develops gradually over time due to conditions like diabetes, high blood pressure, or genetic disorders. CKD progresses in stages, ultimately leading to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) if left untreated. Common symptoms include high blood pressure, nausea, loss of appetite, and fluid retention.
Common Kidney Diseases
Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD)
A genetic disorder causing fluid-filled cysts to develop in the kidneys, leading to impaired function and possible kidney failure.
Glomerulonephritis
Inflammation of the kidney’s filtering units (glomeruli), often triggered by infections, immune disorders, or toxins.
Kidney Stones
Hard mineral deposits that form in the kidneys and cause severe pain, blood in urine, and difficulty urinating.
Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs)
Bacterial infections affecting the kidneys, bladder, or urethra, which can lead to kidney damage if untreated.
Conclusion
Understanding kidney diseases and their causes helps in early detection and proper management. Staying hydrated, controlling blood pressure, and following a healthy diet can reduce the risk of kidney-related complications. If you experience any symptoms, seek medical advice promptly to prevent further damage.
